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Authors
Fähnle, Johannes
Wilhelm, Kerstin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5583-2777
Wiese, Benedikt
Manser, Marta https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8787-5667
Clutton-Brock, Tim https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8110-8969
Sommer, Simone https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-8136
Müller-Klein, Nadine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-936X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFGSO428/15-1)
H2020 European Research Council (294494, 742808)
Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0051/2017)
Swiss National Science Foundation
MAVA Foundation (KRP 16026)
Zoo Zürich
Universität Ulm (ProTrainU Graduate, Professional Training Center at Ulm University)
Universität Ulm
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Article History
Received: 15 November 2024
Accepted: 2 November 2025
First Online: 27 November 2025
Declarations
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: Research for this study was conducted with permission of the ethical committee of Pretoria University and the Northern Cape Conservation Service, South Africa (Permit number: EC031-13, FAUNA 1020–2016).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
: The fieldwork for this study was conducted at the Kalahari Meerkat Project (KMP) in the remote Kalahari Desert of South Africa. All fieldwork activities were discussed with and approved by the local stakeholders of the Kuruman River Reserve. As is customary at the KMP, our research was carried out by an internationally diverse team, including individuals from South Africa, to whom we are deeply grateful. The laboratory and analytical phases of the study were conducted in Germany, and this publication reflects the collaborative efforts of authors from multiple countries.
