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Article History

Received: 10 May 2022

Accepted: 30 March 2023

First Online: 28 April 2023

Declarations

:

: The study procedure was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shinshu University School of Medicine (No. 3999), and registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (Trial ID 032180163: ) on February 27, 2019, and in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000034237: ) on September 22, 2018. All participants were provided with all necessary information about the study and provided written informed consent before the clinical trial. All aspects of the study conformed to the principles described in the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: Mr, Miyagawa, Dr. Matsushima, Mr. Maruyama and Mr. Tetsuya have no competing interests.Dr. Mizukami is funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists).Dr. Mizukami is funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science grants (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) and Challenging Research [Exploratory]), and was funded by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science grants (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research [B]), Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute grants (Robot industry activation business), and AMED grants (Robot care equipment development and standardization business).Dr. Yoshida is funded by Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants (Research Committee of the Ataxia, Research on Policy Planning and Evaluation for Rare and Intractable Diseases, The Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, Japan).