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Combined effects and timing of robotic training and botulinum toxin on upper limb spasticity and motor function: a single‑blinded randomized controlled pilot study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-025-01584-1

Published Online: 2025-03-06

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Shin, Joon-Ho

Park, Gyulee

Kim, Hayeon

Cho, Duk Youn

Kwon, Suncheol
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Translational Research Program for Rehabilitation Robots, National Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (NRCTR-IN14002, NRCTR-IN15002, NRCTR-IN14002, NRCTR-IN15002, NRCTR-IN14002, NRCTR-IN15002, NRCTR-IN14002, NRCTR-IN15002, NRCTR-IN14002, NRCTR-IN15002)
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Article History

Received: 31 July 2024

Accepted: 19 February 2025

First Online: 6 March 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Rehabilitation Hospital (NRC-2014-01-005) and registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02228863). All participants provided informed consent before enrollment in the study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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