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Authors
Kim, Keun-Tae
Jeong, Ji-Hyeok
Sung, Dong-Jin
Lee, Ji-Yoon
Kim, Laehyun
Kim, Dong-Joo
Kim, Seung-Jong
Kim, Hyungmin
Lee, Song Joo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korean Government (2017-0-0043)
Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korean Government (2017-0-0043)
Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korean Government (2017-0-0043)
Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korean Government (2017-0-0043)
Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korean Government (2017-0-0043)
Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korean Government (2017-0-0043)
Institute of Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korean Government (2017-0-0043)
National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government (RS-2024-00417959)
National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government (RS-2024-00417959)
National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government (RS-2024-00417959)
National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government (RS-2024-00417959)
National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government (RS-2024-00417959)
National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government (RS-2024-00417959)
National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government (RS-2024-00417959)
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Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) under approval number KIST IRB 2021-046. All participants were provided with detailed information about the experimental procedures, objectives, and potential risks before their participation. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the commencement of the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
