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Authors
Gruber, Cesare Ernesto Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8831-3380
Gioacchini, Silvia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1330
Fabeni, Lavinia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2975-8611
Rueca, Martina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-046X
Bordi, Licia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3962-3646
Lalle, Eleonora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7063-9905
Baggieri, Melissa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0226-7599
Bucci, Paola https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-1013
Fioravanti, Raoul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0151-0331
Giuseppetti, Roberto https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9958-164X
Specchiarello, Eliana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5277-3417
Spezia, Pietro Giorgio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6743-014X
Berno, Giulia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-2627
Carletti, Fabrizio https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-5117
De Carli, Gabriella https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3972-8301
Fusco, Maria Concetta
Barca, Alessandra
Scognamiglio, Paola https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-6457
Marchi, Antonella https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-9758
D’Ugo, Emilio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5852-7575
Girardi, Enrico https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8182-5896
Vairo, Francesco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8375-7468
Magurano, Fabio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-7043
Maggi, Fabrizio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7489-5271
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministero della Salute (5 per Mille Project 5M-2020-23682104)
Italian Ministry of Health “Ricerca Corrente—Linea 1—Progetto 2—INMI L. Spallanzani I.R.C.C.S.” funding.
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Article History
Received: 17 April 2025
Accepted: 11 August 2025
First Online: 21 August 2025
Change Date: 30 August 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: Supplementary material 1 is incorrect and it has been updated with correct version.
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was not needed for this study because human samples were collected as part of surveillance activities and the analysis was conducted as part of public health practice. Written informed consent was obtained from the cases to use the results of the analysis of human samples collected as part of surveillance activities and the report of clinical and epidemiological data collected as part of public health practice. Care was taken to present anonymized data that limit the possibility to identify individuals.
: Written informed consent has been obtained from the patients to publish this paper.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
