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Authors
Ye, Mei
Yan, Dongxia
Xu, Jie
Liu, Dongqin
Liu, Xiaoyan
Jiang, Wei
Sha, Ling
Long, Ke
Feng, Yi
Zhang, Shupeng
Luo, Jun
Xie, Hong
Zou, Rong
Deng, Yuliang
Geng, Jianxiang
Huang, Jian
Huang, Wanqiu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Jiangsu Provincial Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
Science and Technology Innovation Plan Of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Scientific and Technological Innovation Funds
Initiation program for new teachers of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Article History
Received: 26 May 2025
Accepted: 12 September 2025
First Online: 10 October 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the project is provided by the Ethics Committee of the National Center for Jiangning District Maternal Child Health and Family Planning Service Center for Disease Control and Prevention. All participants provided the written informed consent before the screening procedures. The Ethics Committee approved the use of the database and the present study protocol and waived the informed consent from the individual as the data used in this study were obtained from a national programme established by the government.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
