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Authors
Dong, Jianxia
Ren, Shan
Zhao, Jing
Wu, Pengxuan
Yu, Haitian
Xie, Yao
Fu, Junliang
Mao, Xiaorong
Gao, Zhiliang
Lin, Bingliang
Ruan, Qingfa
Jiang, Yongfang
Xue, Xiulan
Zhu, Yueyong
Zhao, Haidong
Cao, Haifang
Chen, Xinyue
Zheng, Sujun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (7222093)
Capital Clinical Diagnostic Techniques and Translational Application Projects (Z211100002921059)
National Key Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology (2023YFC2308100)
High-level Public Health Technical Talents Construction Project of Beijing Municipal Health Commission (Academic Leader-02-14)
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Article History
Received: 3 August 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 23 November 2025
Declarations
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: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. As this study involved a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected clinical data, the use of patient information was reviewed and approved by the institutional review boards of the participating centers in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review boards of all participating centers (Primary cohort: 2022-067-K; External cohort: 2022-047-K).
: We give our consent for information about our relative (circle as appropriate) to be published in Virology Journal.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
