Wu, Qian
Ding, Wenquan
You, Dongqing
Ji, YunPeng
Wang, Shenghao
Jiang, Dinghua
Huang, Lixin
Xu, Wu
Li, Lisong
Xu, Jiangnan
Zhang, Yajie
Funding for this research was provided by:
Jiangsu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development Project (ZD202232)
Jiangsu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development Project (ZD202232)
Jiangsu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development Project (ZD202232)
Jiangsu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development Project (ZD202232)
Article History
Received: 23 April 2025
Accepted: 26 August 2025
First Online: 25 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The NHANES was approved by the Research Ethics Review Board of the NCHS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All participants provided written informed consent prior to participation. The protocol numbers for NHANES cycles included in this study were Protocol #98 − 12, Protocol #2005-06, Protocol #2011-17, and Protocol #2018-01. As this study involved secondary analysis of publicly available, de-identified data, further ethical approval was not required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.