Zhang, Qing
Ye, Tao
Zhou, Xiaolin
Li, Bolin
Zhang, Zhen
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82400407)
China Doctoral Foundation (2024M752658)
The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu Clinical Research Program (CSY-YN-01-2023-008)
Article History
Received: 18 September 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026
Declarations
:
: All NHANES participants provided written informed consentprior to data collection.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.