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Authors
Wang, Chaolan
Lin, Ke
Zhang, Hong
Liu, Tianbao
Zeng, Zhen
Luo, Wanpei
Jiang, Yan
Zhang, Xiang
Du, Shuang
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Article History
Received: 22 July 2025
Accepted: 25 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study used anonymous data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and complied with the ethical guidelines and regulations of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the National Center for Health Statistics Ethics Review Board, and all participants provided written informed consent before the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
