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Authors
Yang, Hong https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0842-828X
Huang, Yunda https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8892-8202
Jiang, Guihua
Guo, Hang https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0288-8919
Duan, Zhiping https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1893-7239
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (2024SSYKT04)
Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (2024SSYKT01)
Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (2024SSYKT03)
Scientific Research Fund of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education (2024J0866)
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Article History
Received: 6 July 2025
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 18 February 2026
Declarations
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: Participants in our study were from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). CHARLS informed consent was obtained from each participant before conducting the investigation. The CHARLS study was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University (approval number: IRB00001052-11015). All research methods were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant legislation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
