Crossmark

The effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on the blood-brain barrier and glymphatic clearance: a scoping review with diagnostic and therapeutic implications

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12987-026-00869-4

Published Online: 2026-09-01

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Ali, Ahmad M. S.

Pedder, Josephine

Bakhsh, Ali

Dickens, David

Sinosi, Filippo A.

Jenkinson, Michael D.

Zakaria, Rasheed

Ashkan, Keyoumars

Bhangoo, Ranjeev

Vergani, Francesco

Lavrador, Jose P.
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-09-01

Accepted Manuscript valid from 2026-09-01
More Information

Article History

Received: 30 March 2026

Accepted: 21 August 2026

First Online: 1 September 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable

Consent for publication: Not applicable

Competing interests: AMSA received honoraria from Brainlab.

Document is current

Any future updates will be listed below