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Ultrasound measurements of lumbar spinous process movement during flexion distraction manipulation: a preliminary descriptive cross-sectional study with healthy participants

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-025-00593-0

Published Online: 2025-07-25

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Kruse, Ralph

Gudavalli, Maruti

White, Bret

Rider, Stacey

Greenwood, Dean

Rogers, Casey
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-07-25

Version of Record valid from 2025-07-25
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Article History

Received: 27 November 2024

Accepted: 21 July 2025

First Online: 25 July 2025

Declarations

:

: This study received ethics approval from the Keiser University Institutional Review Board (IRB000JU21GM99). All participants provided written informed consent. The consent forms are available upon request.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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