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Authors
Blanchette, Marc-André
Hincapié, Cesar A.
Théroux, Jean
Guérin, Lisanne
Basta, Sandra
Bezeau, Arianne
Gauthier, Jean-Luc
Bussières, André
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mitacs
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Article History
Received: 1 November 2025
Accepted: 7 April 2026
First Online: 20 May 2026
Declarations
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: This study received ethics approval from the UQTR Research Ethics Board (CER-20-266-07.05) and complies with all applicable privacy and data protection regulations.
: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used Claude Sonnet 4.6 (Anthropic, 2026) to assist with text editing and language refinement. All content was subsequently reviewed and verified by the authors, who take full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the published work.
: MAB has received research grants from: Canadian Chiropractic Research foundation (CCRF), Fondation Chiropratique du Québec (FCQ), Association des chiropraticiens du Québec (ACQ), Ordre des chiropraticiens du Québec, and Fondation de l’Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières. MAB has also received speaker honorarium from the Canadian Chiropractic Association, OCQ and ACQ. CAH reports grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and the European Centre for Chiropractic Research Excellence (ECCRE) outside the submitted work. All the other authors report no conflict of interest.
