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Prognostic significance of the programmed death ligand 1 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and correlation with the tumor microenvironment and hypoxia-inducible factor expression

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-018-0742-8

Published Online: 2018-08-25

Published Print: 2018-12

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Tatli Dogan, Hayriye

Kiran, Merve

Bilgin, Burak

Kiliçarslan, Aydan

Sendur, Mehmet Ali Nahit

Yalçin, Bülent

Ardiçoglu, Arslan

Atmaca, Ali Fuat

Gumuskaya, Berrak
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Article History

Received: 2 April 2018

Accepted: 16 August 2018

First Online: 25 August 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: This retrospective study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University (Reference number: 26379996/178). The committee decided that additional informed consent was not required due to the retrospective nature of analysis.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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