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Article History

Received: 1 November 2024

Accepted: 12 May 2025

First Online: 2 June 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee for Research of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (protocol code 2023-KY-023, and the date of approval is 2023.1.18).

: Patient consent was waived for the following reasons: (1) This project is a retrospective analysis; the samples used are the remaining samples saved after the completion of pathological diagnosis, which does not interfere with the diagnosis and treatment plan of patients and is marked only by numbers rather than names during the study, and the privacy of patients is not disclosed. The relevant data during the whole experiment will be kept separately. (2) This project is academic research, which does not involve commercial interests. It does not harm the interests of patients, and the risk to the subjects is not greater than the minimum risk. (3) This project utilizes identifiable personal information or data for research, and it is no longer possible to identify the participants. The Ethics Committee of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital approved the research project to waive the signing of informed consent forms for all enrolled participants.

: The authors declare no competing interests.