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Article History

Received: 2 March 2026

Accepted: 27 April 2026

First Online: 6 May 2026

Declarations

:

: This study did not require formal ethical clearance under the institutional regulations in place at the time of the research. All field activities, including field investigations, market surveys, and interviews, were carried out solely by the Chinese authors, who are native speakers and possess in-depth familiarity with the local cultural context. Prior to participation, all informants provided informed verbal consent after the objectives, methods, and voluntary nature of the study were clearly explained in the local language. No personal or sensitive data were recorded, and participants were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any stage. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the International Society of Ethnobiology Code of Ethics. The Thai authors were involved in data analysis, interpretation, and manuscript writing but did not take part in field data collection. Throughout the study, full respect was given to the intellectual property rights and cultural knowledge of all participants.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.