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Authors
Arma, Utmi
Bakar, Abu
Mailiza, Fitria
Orienty, Fauzia Nilam
Gani, Basri A.
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Article History
Received: 1 September 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
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: All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The study protocol was approved by the Committee on Veterinary Ethics of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala (No. 428/KEPH/VIII/2025). Every effort was made to minimize animal suffering and to use the minimum number of animals required for scientific validity.
: Not applicable. As this study was conducted exclusively on laboratory animals, informed consent is not required. All procedures were performed in accordance with institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
