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Authors
Li, Litong
Shi, Yulin
Wang, Duo
Li, Weixu
Liu, Tingting
Ma, Yuanqing
Cao, Meng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
New Technologies and Businesses Program, Hospital of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University (No. LX-202015)
New Technologies and Businesses Program, Hospital of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University (No. LX-202015)
New Technologies and Businesses Program, Hospital of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University (No. LX-202015)
New Technologies and Businesses Program, Hospital of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University (No. LX-202015)
New Technologies and Businesses Program, Hospital of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University (No. LX-202015)
New Technologies and Businesses Program, Hospital of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University (No. LX-202015)
the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2024M764332)
the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2024M764332)
the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2024M764332)
the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2024M764332)
the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2024M764332)
the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2024M764332)
the Young Scientists Fund, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration (No. 2024QN06)
the Young Scientists Fund, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration (No. 2024QN06)
the Young Scientists Fund, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration (No. 2024QN06)
the Young Scientists Fund, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration (No. 2024QN06)
the Young Scientists Fund, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration (No. 2024QN06)
the Young Scientists Fund, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration (No. 2024QN06)
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Article History
Received: 26 August 2025
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Third Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University (KQ-YJ-2025-127). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Written consent was waived as the study used anonymized retrospective data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
