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Article History

Received: 3 February 2020

Accepted: 12 August 2020

First Online: 20 August 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics and Approval Committee of Jimma University, Institute of Health (Supplementary ). Permission to conduct the study was obtained from Jimma Town Youth and Women Affairs, Jimma Zone Police Department and Jimma Town Administration. Since most of the street children have no guardian living with them, obtaining parental consent was unsuccessful. Rather, permission from office of women, child and youth was secured to conduct the study. In addition, we conducted the study with close supervision of Jimma town administration and Jimma zone police department and written informed assent was obtained from the study participants as Ethiopian national ethical guideline permits to take written informed assent from high risk minors of street children (Supplementary ).The right of the respondents to withdraw or not to participate was respected. Additionally, names of participants were not used in the study and information obtained from subjects were held confidentially. The purpose of the study was explained to the street children and they were invited to participate voluntarily and the interviews were conducted confidentially. For those children with history of substance use, on site counseling on the harmfulness to health and economic effects of substance use was given.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.