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Authors
Ye, Jiancheng
Hirschhorn, Lisa R.
Baldridge, Abigail S.
Jamro, Erica L.
Orji, Ikechukwu A.
Shedul, Gabriel L.
Ripiye, Nanna R.
Ojo, Tunde M.
Eze, Helen
Shedul, Grace J.
Ugwuneji, Eugenia N.
Okoli, Rosemary C. B.
Ale, Boni M.
Osagie, Samuel
Sanuade, Olutobi A.
Iyer, Guhan
Kandula, Namratha R.
Ojji, Dike B.
Huffman, Mark D.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL144708)
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Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Accepted: 3 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
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: Informed consent was waived per the Common Rule. Ethical oversight was provided by the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Health Research Ethics Committee. The study was also reviewed by the Federal Capital Territory Ethics Committee and Northwestern University Institutional Review Board. The trial is registered at under NCT04158154.
: Not applicable.
: MDH has received travel support from the American Heart Association and World Heart Federation and consulting fees from PwC Switzerland. MDH has an appointment at The George Institute for Global Health, which has a patent, license, and has received investment funding with intent to commercialize fixed-dose combination therapy through its social enterprise business, George Medicines. MDH has pending patents for heart failure polypills.
