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Authors
Yoosuf, Ahamed Badusha Mohamed
Aziz, Mohd Zahri Abdul
Alshehri, Salem
Alqathami, Mamdouh
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Article History
Received: 17 February 2026
Accepted: 26 July 2026
First Online: 31 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. Ethical approval was obtained from the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh (Study No. NRC22R/648/12; IRB Approval No. IRB/0176/23). All patients had provided written informed consent for radiotherapy treatment as part of routine clinical care. Due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of fully anonymized data, the requirement for additional informed consent for study participation was waived by the Institutional Review Board.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
