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Authors
Gordeev, Vladimir Sergeevich https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3906-2316
Assefa, Esubalew https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4850-6567
Pearse, Rupert https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4373-5934
Edwards, Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5048-1784
Mihaylova, Borislava https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0951-1304
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research: Health Technology Assessment (15/80/54, 15/80/54, 15/80/54, 15/80/54, 15/80/54)
National Institute for Health and Care Research-Health and Social Care Delivery Research (12/5005/10)
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Article History
Received: 24 April 2025
Accepted: 31 July 2025
First Online: 2 September 2025
Declarations
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: The EPOCH trial was approved by the East Midlands (Nottingham 1) Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 13/EM/0415). Study was exempt from individual patient consent in accordance with Sect. 251 of the National Health Services Act 2006.
: Not applicable.
: VSG, EA, and BM declare no conflict of interest. RP has received research grants and/or honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences, Intersurgical, and GlaxoSmithKline and is a member of the editorial board of the British Journal of Surgery. ME has received honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences.
