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Authors
Prete, Francesco Paolo
De Luca, Giuseppe Massimiliano
Sgaramella, Lucia Ilaria
Poli, Elisabetta
Malerba, Silvia
Puglisi, Giuliana Rachele
Moschou, Maria
Saponara, Bruna
Marano, Luigi
Gurrado, Angela
Coccolini, Federico
Catena, Fausto
Testini, Mario
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Article History
Received: 31 December 2024
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 6 December 2025
Declarations
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: The methodology of this study has been reviewed by the Institutional Review Board of Policlinico di Bari University Hospital and ethical approval was granted (UniBa prot.n.7870/25). All procedures in this study were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Patient consent for research use of individual data was obtained for each case presented. All identification data of the patients were removed from medical records prior to data collection. De-identified data were used, and it was not possible to trace any of the data to the actual individual. Only information required for coherent description of cases was extracted. Data in electronic format were accessible to authorized personnel only. Consent was given for the publication of intraoperative pictures.
: All authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests.
