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Authors
Peng, Zhiming
Zhao, Yiwei
Du, You
Zhang, Haoran
Wang, Shengru
Zhang, Jianguo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC2507700)
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022-PUMCH-D-004)
CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences（CIFMS） (2021-I2M-1-051)
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Article History
Received: 8 April 2025
Accepted: 18 June 2025
First Online: 21 July 2025
Declarations
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: Prior to initiating any study procedures, ethical clearance was granted by the Institutional Review Board at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Beijing, China. Every subject provided properly documented consent, and for participants under the age of majority, legal guardians furnished the additional required permission. All research activities were executed in strict accordance with established protocols and applicable regulatory guidelines. In addition, the investigation fully conformed to the ethical standards set forth in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.
: Written approval for the release of clinical data and accompanying images was obtained from each individual. In instances involving minors, consent was secured from a parent, guardian, or another authorized family member.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
