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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Program (20230401089YY, 20230401089YY, 20230401089YY, 20230401089YY)
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Article History
Received: 14 April 2025
Accepted: 18 June 2025
First Online: 9 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study was carried out according to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision). Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of The First Hospital of Jilin University (Approval No. 2024 − 1134). Informed consent was waived by the IRB based on Article 32 of the Declaration of Helsinki, which permits exemption for retrospective studies utilizing fully anonymized data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
