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Authors
Hamoodi, Zaid https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0045-7257
Kearsley-Fleet, Lianne https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0377-1575
Sergeant, Jamie C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9000-4413
Watts, Adam C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-6462
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
John Charnley Trust
RCSEng/NJR joint Research fellowship grant
Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester (21755)
British Orthopaedics Trainee Association (Dragons Den)
Versus Arthritis (23126)
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Article History
Received: 25 April 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 30 August 2025
Declarations
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: This evaluation was part of a National Joint Registry (NJR) study that was approved by the NJR Research Committee []. The University of Manchester ethics decision tool, which determines whether a project requires formal ethical approval, was used and it confirmed that no formal ethical approval is required for this evaluation. All data was handled according to General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
