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Authors
Fahmy, Mahmoud https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5700-493X
Abdelazeem, Hazem
Abdelazeem, Ahmed Hazem https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0932-1321
Shawky, Mostafa Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3925-6607
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cairo University
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Article History
Received: 5 August 2025
Accepted: 9 September 2025
First Online: 8 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of orthopaedic department of Cairo University. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
