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Authors
Agyemang Prempeh, Angel G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8032-611X
Ayala Ortiz, José L.
Marquess, Benjamin
Farahani, Farzam
Ghomrawi, Hassan
McGwin, Gerald
Mabry, Scott
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Article History
Received: 1 October 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 1 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the University of Alabama at Birmingham Institutional Review Board (Protocol Number: 300000976) and complied with HIPAA regulations and institutional standards. As a retrospective study using de-identified data, the need for individual patient consent was waived by the IRB.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
