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Authors
Cao, Chuanlong
Zhao, Haibo
Liu, Hanyun
Feng, Weihua
Wang, Jin
Yu, Tengbo
Jiang, Lei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong Provincial Medical and Health Science and Technology Project (No.202404070961)
Qingdao Shinan District Science and Technology Bureau public domain science and technology support plan project (2023-2-011-YY)
Industry–Academia Collaboration and Cooperative Education Program of the Ministry of Education of China (No. 231104992143003)
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Article History
Received: 11 November 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 23 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study used porcine tissue samples obtained from a local butcher. No live animals were involved. Ethical approval was not required according to local regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
