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Animal models for critical-sized long-bone defects and long-bone non-union: a scoping review

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-026-06697-4

Published Online: 2026-02-23

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Maai, Nader https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0559-1925
Meuris, Arthur https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3231-8498
,

Reinert, Noémie

Frank, Florian A.

Clauss, Martin

Wehrle, Esther https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2723-7342
Metsemakers, Willem-Jan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4114-9093
Siverino, Claudia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4845-1922
Morgenstern, Mario https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5108-0731
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-02-23

Version of Record valid from 2026-03-27
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Article History

Received: 28 July 2025

Accepted: 17 January 2026

First Online: 23 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.