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Authors
Bai, Xuedong
Gao, Weilu
Yang, Changsen
Zhang, Hao
Li, Jiantao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82302788)
National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation (No.2021-NCRC-CXJJ-PY-39)
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Article History
Received: 24 November 2025
Accepted: 23 January 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Chinese PLA General Hospital. Ethics number: S2020-114-04, and all procedures followed the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research councils, as well as the Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 and its later revisions or similar ethical standards in research involving human participants. The need for informed consent was waived by Medical Ethics Committee of Chinese PLA General Hospital due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data.
: Not applicable.
: All authors have read and approved the content, and agree to submit for consideration for publication in the journal.
: Each authors certifies that there is no conflict of interest.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
