Liu, Chao
Sun, ZiHao
Jiang, XiangZhan
Liu, BaoHua
Zhao, YueHan
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science and Technology Development Project of the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine (KFKT-2023-026)
2023 Higher Education Science Research Plan Project of the China Association of Higher Education (23ZYJ0228)
Scientific Foundation of Binzhou Medical University (50012304488)
Article History
Received: 30 December 2025
Accepted: 18 February 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University. The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.
: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants. The participant in Figs. , , and specifically consented to publication of this de-identified image, which does not display facial features or any personally identifiable information.
: Participants give their consent for publication of their image if require.
: The authors declare no competing interests.