Jin, Ran
Wang, Haijing
Lv, Wenwen
Cheng, Hengqiang
Li, Yanru
Yuan, Qingqiang
Funding for this research was provided by:
Higher Education Research Project of Shandong Province (25HER105)
Higher Education Research Project of Shandong Province (25HER104)
Article History
Received: 3 April 2026
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 24 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.