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Article History

Received: 30 March 2026

Accepted: 28 May 2026

First Online: 10 June 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in strict accordance with the ethical principles governing medical research and was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committees of Zhongshan Orthopedic Hospital and The Affiliated Shunde Hospital of Jinan University.

: Not applicable.

: Informed consent was not required for this study because all data were obtained from publicly available published literature and databases, and no direct patient involvement or collection of personal identifiable information was involved.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.