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Authors
Wei, Yuanrun
Wei, Haixin
Li, Lei
Zhao, Wenhao
Zhang, Hao
Ma, Xuexiao
Wang, Yan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82100940)
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Article History
Received: 20 December 2025
Accepted: 22 June 2026
First Online: 1 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (Approval No. QYFY WZLL 30300; approved on June 28, 2025) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided informed consent.
Consent for publication: All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to its submission for publication. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in this study for the publication of their anonymized clinical and radiographic data.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
