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Authors
Al-Mutairi, Mansour B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-9303
Abdelrehim, Ayman R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1947-2839
Alnajjar, Abdulhameed A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7120-7813
Morsy, Mohamed Mofeed F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8905-0148
Allugmani, Mohammad https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2257-8371
Khoshhal, Saad https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6576-8124
Baangood, Luna S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-6244
Alahmadti, Ahmad https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3406-1353
Elsayed, Mohamed Sameer
Alabsi, Fath A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9897-1574
Elderie, Ahmad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6111-0439
Ahmed, Mohamed F. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9060-2422
Al-Muhaya, Mustafa A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-1574
Quadeer, Abdul https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5104-6517
Salem, Sherif S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4254-4204
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Article History
Received: 17 March 2025
Accepted: 8 November 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study received approval from the local ethics committee at Madinah Cardiac Centre (MCC) (IRB:24–065), Madinah, Saudi Arabia, with reference. Informed written consent was obtained from patients, parents, or guardians. We confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
