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Article History

Received: 19 March 2025

Accepted: 21 December 2025

First Online: 7 February 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were by the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study is approved by the Ethics Committee of Macau University of Science and Technology. Written informed consent was obtained.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.