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Authors
Yuan, Hao
Zhang, Ting
Li, Qiang
Shan, Jianggui
Xue, Song
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82371584)
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Article History
Received: 1 June 2025
Accepted: 24 January 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
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: The data for this study were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database (version 3.1). The privacy of all patients was protected, and the use of the database was approved by the Institutional Review Board of MIT and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. This study was also approved by the Ethical Committee of Xuzhou No.1 People’s Hospital (XYYLL2025-089).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
