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Authors
Takei, Yusuke
Shibasaki, Ikuko
Tezuka, Masahiro
Kato, Takashi
Ogasawara, Takeshi
Hori, Takayuki
Kuwata, Toshiyuki
Tsuchiya, Go
Kawamura, Masashi
Fukuda, Hirotsugu
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Article History
Received: 16 December 2025
Accepted: 27 May 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the institutional review boards of both hospitals (Dokkyo Medical University Hospital: R-73–9 J, 19 June 2024; Maebashi Red Cross Hospital: 2024-14, 10 July 2024). The institutional review boards waived the requirement for informed consent owing to the retrospective nature of the study, and an opt-out policy was instead implemented. The data were anonymized and managed in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: This work was presented at the 55th annual meeting of the Japanese Society of Cardiovascular Surgery in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, Japan, on 21 February 2025.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
