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Article History

Received: 21 December 2024

Accepted: 3 July 2025

First Online: 13 August 2025

Declarations

:

: JD, TG, and CM are employees of WIG2 GmbH. JKö, LK, CS, IH and AK are employed by Pfizer Pharma GmbH. JKi has received grants for consultancy and educational activities from Italfarmaco, Pfizer, Roche, Santhera, and Sarepta. AP reports financial compensation for training activities and research grants from Novartis and Biogen. The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work.

: No primary patient data was collected for the conduct of this research. According to the 10th chapter of book V of social code in Germany (SGB V, Sozialgesetzbuch), anonymized healthcare claims data can be used for research purposes, therefore ethics approval of this secondary data were not required. Only WIG2 employees were granted access to the data for the research, and only aggregated results were generated and presented.

: This work has not been published previously, and it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. If accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form in English or in any other language including electronically, without the written consent of the copyright holder. The publication and all data, visualizations and content have been approved for publication by all authors.