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Article History

Received: 15 February 2025

Accepted: 11 August 2025

First Online: 2 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was approved by the human ethics committee of the Xing Tai People’s Hospital review board (approval number 2023 [101] dated November 10, 2023). The study followed the laws of China and the v2008 Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent, consent to participate, and publication of the study in different forms were waived by the human ethics committee of the Xing Tai People’s Hospital review board because of the retrospective design. The reporting of this study conformed to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest or any competing interests regarding the results and/or discussions reported in this research.

: All figures submitted were created by the authors (or collected from the medical records), who confirmed that the images were original with no duplication and have not been previously published in whole or in part.

: All the data and related metadata underlying the reported findings have already been provided as part of the submitted article. There are no supplementary files (supplementary tables, supplementary figures, and others) referred to in this manuscript. Therefore, there is nothing to deposit in the appropriate public data repositories.