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Article History

Received: 7 April 2026

Accepted: 24 August 2026

First Online: 31 August 2026

Declarations

Ethical approval: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Children’s Specialized Hospital “Okhmatdyt” of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Written informed consent for diagnostic procedures, clinical assessments, and use of anonymized data for research and publication was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians prior to inclusion in the institutional database.

Consent for publication: All patients and their parents or legal representatives provided signed and dated written informed consent for diagnostic evaluation and for publication of de-identified clinical data, in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine and applicable national data protection requirements.

Conflict of interest: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.