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Article History

Received: 17 October 2024

Accepted: 21 January 2025

First Online: 30 January 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: All authors give their consent to publish.

: T.R.S. is a listed inventor on institutionally-assigned IP surrounding the microbiome and PD. M.G.T. has served as a member of The Michael J. Fox Foundation Scientific Advisory Board and serves on the Parkinson’s Foundation Scientific Advisory Board, the Weston Family Foundation Advisory Board, the Alzheimer’s Association Medical and Scientific Advisory Group, and as advisor for NysnoBio, IMMvention, Ventus, iMetabolic Pharma, Longevity Inc, Merck, NovoNordisk, Forward Therapeutics, Jaya, Longeveron, and Alnylam. She has received grants from MJFF/ASAP, Parkinson’s Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). She is Editor-in-Chief for Nature Partner Journal Parkinson’s Disease, and serves as Associate Editor for Science Advances, Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Translational Research and Clinical Interventions, and the Journal of Neuroinflammation. A.B.W. has served as a member of The Michael J. Fox Executive Foundation (MJFF) Scientific Advisory Board and is a paid consultant for SciNeuro, Inc, and has been a paid consultant for EscapeBio Inc.; and has received research grants from Biogen Inc. and EscapeBio, Inc., as well as MJFF, ASAP Foundation, Parkinson’s Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). A.B.W. is part owner of a series of LRRK2 kinase inhibitors (WO 2013166276) and part owner of induced-pluripotent stem cell lines of early-onset PD distributed by Cedars Sinai. R.A.L. receives authorship royalties from UpToDate.