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Article History

Received: 10 July 2024

Accepted: 26 February 2025

First Online: 14 March 2025

Declarations

:

: All autopsies were carried out according to local legislation with appropriate consent. Ethical approval for the use of cases was granted by the ethical committee of Ulm University (Germany, study 54/08) and UZ/KU-Leuven ethical committee (Belgium). The studies reviewed here covering the retrospective analysis of samples and data were approved by the UZ/KU-Leuven ethical committee (S-59295, S-65147, S-66705) (Belgium). The samples obtained from the UK were received from the brainbank donated for research by GE Healthcare after the phase III flutemetamol autopsy study had concluded (ClinicalTrials. gov identifiers NCT01165554, and NCT02090855).

: Not applicable for this study, which did not use person’s data. Only anonymized or pseudonymized data were processed.

: DRT collaborated with Novartis Pharma AG (Switzerland), Probiodrug (Germany), and GE-Healthcare (UK) and received consultant honoraria from Muna Therapeutics (Belgium). DRT is vice chair of the Alzheimer's Association ISTAART professional interest area “The eye as a biomarker for AD”. RV’s institution has clinical trial agreements (RV as PI) with Alector, AviadoBio, Biogen, Denali, J&J, Eli Lilly and UCB. RV’s institution has consultancy agreements (RV as member of DSMB) with AC Immune. RV was global PI of the industry-sponsored pivotal phase 2 flutemetamol trial. KP has a consultancy agreement with Eisai. KP’s institution has biomarker trial agreements with ADx NeuroSciences, Euroimmun and Fujirebio. KP is member of the scientific advisory board of Stichting Alzheimer Onderzoek/Fondation Recherche Alzheimer, Belgium. SDM reported no competing interests.