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Article History

Received: 15 July 2022

Accepted: 5 December 2022

First Online: 20 December 2022

Declarations

:

: The study was not submitted to our institutional ethics committee, because it was a retrospective study using medical records of cows that had been referred to our clinic for examination and treatment. No experimental animals were used. Under these circumstances, ethical approval is not required in Switzerland.

: All owners signed a consent form allowing us to use the animals and all the associated medical data for scientific analysis and publication.

: The authors declare they have no competing interests.