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Authors
Tahlil, Abdullahi Ahmed
Mohamud, Osman Mohamed
Aden, Suad Moallin
Gedi, Saido
Osman, Marian Muse
Dahir, Gallad
Jimale, Liban Hassan
Siyad, Abdiwali Ahmed
Mohamed, Mohamed Abdelrahman
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Article History
Received: 17 February 2025
Accepted: 30 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the National Institute of Health, Mogadishu, Somalia [Ref: NIH/IRB/14/JUNE/2024]. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their enrollment in the study. Participants were provided with information about the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks and benefits, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. The confidentiality and privacy of participants’ information were rigorously maintained; and their participation was voluntary. All collected data were anonymized, securely stored, and accessible solely to authorized researchers.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
