Amberg, Felix https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4066-9254
De Allegri, Manuela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8677-1337
Ridde, Valéry https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9299-8266
Sie, Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-2520
Seynou, Mariam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2847-0923
Kadio, Kadidiatou https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5841-5979
Dianda, Sayouba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8698-3583
Lohmann, Julia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4136-9296
Blanchet, Karl https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-8020
Singh, Neha S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0057-121X
Bonnet, Emmanuel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6735-5330
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
Article History
Received: 15 April 2025
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 3 November 2025
Change Date: 5 December 2025
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-025-00731-8
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: No ethics approval was required by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg since the study made use exclusively of anonymised secondary data available in open-access modality. Ethical clearance was obtained by Burkina Faso’s Health Research Ethics Committee (CERS), and access to the National Health Information System data was authorised by the Ministry of Health of Burkina Faso (Notice #2021–10-233).
: Patients and members of the public were not involved in the design, conduct, reporting and dissemination of this research. Utilisation of healthcare services by patients were routinely collected by healthcare facility providers, fed into the National Health Management Information System, and only as such, analysed by the study team; data were aggregated, and individual patients cannot be identified from the reported data.
: The AI technology ChatGPT was used to improve word processing and language.