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Authors
Stark, Lindsay https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8775-9735
Roa, Arturo Harker
Castellar, Diany
Monar, Adriana
Venegas, Marcela
Leeson, Kellie
Gebrekidan, Feven
Meerdink, Ned
Seff, Ilana
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
US State Department Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration
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Article History
Received: 6 October 2025
Accepted: 26 January 2026
First Online: 8 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Universidad de Los Andes’ Institutional Review Board (IRB00007443). Participation in this study was entirely voluntary. Data collectors explained the purpose of the study, potential risks and benefits of participation, confidentiality, and other safeguarding procedures, and provided ample time for potential participants to ask any questions. Informed written consent was obtained from all participants who agreed to join the study. All data were anonymized and stored securely to ensure participant confidentiality.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
