Pozuelo, Julia R.
Vigo, Daniel V.
Kazdin, Alan E.
Harris, Meredith G.
Stein, Dan J.
Viana, Maria Carmen
Hwang, Irving
Kessler, Timothy L.
Manoukian, Sophie M.
Sampson, Nancy A.
Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio
Alonso, Jordi
Andrade, Laura Helena
Ayinde, Olatunde O.
Bruffaerts, Ronny
Bunting, Brendan
Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel
Chardoul, Stephanie
de Girolamo, Giovanni
Domenech, Cristina
Gureje, Oye
Karam, Elie G.
Kiejna, Andrzej
Kovess-Masfety, Viviane
Medina-Mora, Maria Elena
Moskalewicz, Jacek
Navarro-Mateu, Fernando
Nishi, Daisuke
Piazza, Marina
Posada-Villa, José
Scott, Kate M.
ten Have, Margreet
Torres, Yolanda
Vladescu, Cristian
Kessler, Ronald C.
,
Al-Hamzawi, Ali
Altwaijri, Yasmin A.
Atwoli, Lukoye
Benjet, Corina
Borges, Guilherme
Bromet, Evelyn J.
Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel
Cardoso, Graça
Cía, Alfredo H.
Degenhardt, Louisa
Haro, Josep Maria
Hinkov, Hristo
Hu, Chi-yi
de Jonge, Peter
Karam, Aimee Nasser
Karam, Georges
Kawakami, Norito
McGrath, John J.
Roest, Annelieke
Stagnaro, Juan Carlos
Tintle, Nathan
Vladescu, Cristian
Williams, David R.
Wojtyniak, Bogdan
Xavier, Miguel
Zaslavsky, Alan M.
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Mental Health (5R01MH121632-02)
National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH070884)
Health Canada
Provincial Health Services Authority
University of British Columbia
Medical Research Council of South Africa
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (R13-MH066849)
Pfizer Foundation (R01-MH069864)
U.S. Public Health Service (R01 DA016558)
Fogarty International Center (R03-TW006481)
Pan American Health Organization
Eli Lilly and Company
Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical
GlaxoSmithKline
Bristol-Myers Squibb
National Institute of Drug Abuse
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
John W. Alden Trust
Article History
Received: 20 February 2025
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 18 December 2025
Declarations
:
: At all survey sites, the local ethics or institutional review committee reviewed and approved the protocol to ensure protection of human subjects, in line with appropriate international and local guidelines. Details of the ethics committees for the WMH surveys can be viewed at this link: .
: Not applicable.
: In the past 3 years, RCK was a consultant for Cambridge Health Alliance, Canandaigua VA Medical Center, Child Mind Institute, Holmusk, Massachusetts General Hospital, Partners Healthcare, Inc., RallyPoint Networks, Inc., Sage Therapeutics and University of North Carolina. He has stock options in Cerebral Inc., Mirah, PYM (Prepare Your Mind), Roga Sciences and Verisense Health. DJS has received consultancy honoraria from Discovery Vitality, Johnson & Johnson, Kanna, L’Oreal, Lundbeck, Orion, Servier, Seaport Therapeutics, Takeda, Vistagen, and Wellcome. Dr. Vigo reports grant support from Health Canada, Provincial Health Services Authority and an internal research grant from the University of British Columbia. The Province of BC and Vancouver Coastal Health Authority made payments to Dr. Vigo with respect to contracts for projects related to mental health service provision. No other disclosures were reported.